AIM OF LESSON :
1. The structure of the Earth, including its different layers (crust, mantle, core)
2. The types and formation of rocks (igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic)
3. The rock cycle and how rocks change over time
4. What minerals are and their uses in daily life
5. The connection between Earth materials and traditional games for cultural awareness
CONCEPT :
l The Earth is made up of three main layers: crust, mantle, and core.
l Rocks form the crust and are of three types—igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic—changing through the rock cycle.
l Minerals found in rocks are natural, useful substances used in energy, tools, and medicines.
OPENING QUESTION :
1. Have you ever wondered what is inside the Earth?
2. Do you think the Earth is the same inside as it is on the outside?
3. Where do rocks and minerals come from?
4. Why do some rocks look different from others?
5. What do you think happens to rocks over time?
METHODOLOGY :
Experiential Learning
l Take students outside for a rock collection walk.
l Back in class, analyze samples to connect theory with real-world observations.
Comparative Analysis
l Present different types of rocks or Earth layers side-by-side.
l Students compare properties (color, texture, composition), deepening understanding.
REAL LIFE EXAMPLES :
1.Volcanoes: When a volcano erupts, hot melted rock (lava) comes out and cools to make new rocks called igneous rocks.
2. Grand Canyon: The big layers of rock you see in the Grand Canyon were made from tiny pieces of sand and mud pressed together over many years. These are sedimentary rocks.
3. Marble :Marble is a special rock made when limestone gets heated and squeezed deep inside the Earth. People use marble to build beautiful buildings.
4. Earthquakes :Earthquakes happen because the rocks deep inside the Earth move and shake.
5. Mining Minerals :People dig deep into the Earth to get minerals like gold and iron, which are used to make many things we use every day.
6. Oil and Gas: Oil and gas come from old plants and animals buried underground and changed by heat over millions of years.
TEACHING AIDS :
l PPT, Short Videos and Text book images
ACTIVITIES :
Nature Sound Meditation
l Play natural sounds linked to Earth (volcano rumble, river flow) and guide a meditation imagining traveling inside the Earth.
Layered Cake Model
l Bake or use a multi-layered cake or sandwich to represent Earth’s layers.
l Cut and show the layers while explaining their thickness and composition.
LEARNING OUTCOMES :
l Identify and describe the three main layers of the Earth: crust, mantle, and core.
l Explain the composition and characteristics of each Earth layer.
l Define what rocks and minerals are, and recognize their differences.
l Name and classify the three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.
l Describe the rock cycle and the processes that change one rock type into another.
l Understand the importance and uses of minerals in everyday life.
l Relate real-life examples like volcanoes, fossils, and mining to Earth’s structure and rocks.
ASSESSMENT :
Worksheet / Quiz
REMEDIAL MEASURE :
1. Check for Understanding Often
Ask quick questions during the lesson to identify and address confusion immediately.
HOME WORK :
Draw and label the three main layers of the Earth: crust, mantle, and core.
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